Addiction phases

Addiction is the continued use of an addictive substance or repeated compulsive behavior, despite a pattern of adverse consequences and loss of control. The progression from use to dependence typically follows four phases.

Phase one: Learning the mood swing
The person discovers the temporary mood swing associated with an addictive substance or compulsive behavior. He or she learns to trust the effects and regulate the mood swing.

Phase two: Seeking the mood swing
The person applies what he or she has discovered about mood swings in other life situations and is able to regulate their use appropriately. He or she retains the ability to make choices about use of the addictive substance or behavior, but may suffer some pain as a result.

Phase three: Harmful dependence
The person develops an increased tolerance to the substance or compulsive behavior. He or she begins to lose the ability to choose to use the substance or engage in the behavior. He or she avoids accountability and blames others, "the system" or society. The behavior associated with the dependence violates his or her value system, pain is rationalized, and the person deludes himself or herself about the dependence. The person develops an increased anticipation and preoccupation with the addictive substance or behavior. His or her lifestyle begins to revolve around the substance or behavior. The person's relationships, health and emotional stability begin to deteriorate.

Phase four: Use to feel normal
The person uses the substance or compulsive behavior to avoid withdrawal symptoms and simply survive. He or she may go on binges. The person's tolerance may break down, and he or she may begin to experience paranoid thinking. The person may attempt to solve lifestyle problems by making major changes, such as leaving a relationship or quitting a job. Sadly, he or she may feel a complete spiritual bankruptcy and lose the desire to live.